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Let us say you had one legit $20 and one really good photocopy of that same $20. If someone were to attempt to spend both the real bill and the fake one, someone that took the trouble of looking at both of the bills' serial numbers would see that they had been the exact same number, and consequently one of them had to be fictitious.
That isn't a perfect analogy--we will explain in more detail below. .
Once a miner has verified 1 MB (megabyte) worth of Bitcoin transactions, they are eligible to win the 12.5 BTC. The 1 MB limit was established by Satoshi Nakamoto, and can be a matter of controversy, as some miners think the block size should be increased to accommodate more data.
Note that I stated that verifying 1 MB value of transactions makes a miner qualified to earn Bitcoin--not everyone who verifies transactions will receive paid out.
1MB of transactions can theoretically be as little as 1 transaction (though this is not at all common) or several thousand. It depends on how much information the transactions take up.
In order to earn Bitcoin, you need to meet two conditions. One is a matter of effort, one is a matter of luck.
2) You have to be the first miner to reach the right answer to some numeric problem. This process is also known as an evidence of work.
The good news: No advanced math or computation is involved. You might have heard that miners are solving difficult mathematical problems--that is not true in any way. What they are actually doing is trying to be the first miner to come up with a 64-digit hexadecimal number (a"hash") that is less than or equivalent to the target hash.
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The bad news: Since it is guesswork, you need a good deal of computing power in order to get there first. To mine , you need to get a higher"hash rate," that is quantified in terms of megahashes per second (MH/s), gigahashes per second (GH/s), and terahashes per second (TH/s).
If you want to estimate how much Bitcoin you can mine with your mining rig's hash rate, the site Cryptocompare provides a helpful calculator.
Either way a GPU (graphics processing unit) miner or an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) miner. These can run from $500 to the tens of thousands. Some miners--especially Ethereum miners--buy individual graphics cards (GPUs) as a low-cost method to cobble together mining operations. The photograph below is a makeshift, home-made mining machine. The graphics cards are those rectangular blocks with whirring circles. Note the sandwich twist-ties holding the graphics cards to the metal pole.
Case in point I tell three friends that I'm thinking of a number between 1 and 100, and I write that number on a sheet of paper and seal it in an envelope. My friends don't need to guess the specific number, they simply have to be the very first person to guess any number that is directory less than or equal to this number I'm thinking of.
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Let's say I am thinking about the number 19. If Friend A guesses 21, they shed because 21>19. If Friend B guesses 16 and Friend C guesses 12, then they've both theoretically arrived at viable answers, because 16<19 and 12<19. There's no"extra credit" for Friend B, even though B's answer was closer to the target answer of 19. .
In Bitcoin terms, simultaneous answers occur frequently, but in the end of the day there can only be one winning answer. When multiple simultaneous answers are presented that are equivalent to or less than the target number, the Bitcoin network will decide by a simple majority--51%--which miner to honour. Typically, it is the miner who has done the work, i.e.
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The number above has 64 digits. Easy enough to understand up to now. As you likely noticed, that number consists not just of numbers, but also letters of the alphabet. Why is that
In order to understand these letters are doing in the center of numbers, let us unpack the term"hexadecimal."
As you knowwe use the"decimal" system, which means it's base 10. This in turn means that every digit has 10 possibilities, 0-9.